How to interpret lactate - ADC Education & Practice Edition
WEBThe association between hyperlactataemia and poorer outcomes in acutely unwell adults and children is well recognised. Blood lactate testing has become readily available in acute settings and is considered a first-line investigation in international guidelines for the management of sepsis. However, while healthcare professionals do appreciate the value of measuring blood lactate in acute ...
How to use clinical signs of meningitis - ADC Education & Practice …
WEBMeningitis is a critical diagnosis not to miss in children presenting with fever. Since the early 20th century, classical clinical signs have been used to aid the diagnosis of meningitis. These classical signs are nuchal rigidity, Kernig’s sign and Brudzinski’s sign. Each of these relies on the principle that stretching the inflamed meningeal membranes causes clinically detectable irritation.
Guideline for the management of children and young people …
WEBIn January 2020, the British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (BSPED) published an interim guideline for the management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which replaces the 2015 guideline. There have been substantial changes due to controversies in DKA management, particularly relating to the risk of cerebral oedema. Paediatric DKA is a common presentation in type 1 diabetes ...
Information about the current guideline - ADC Education
WEBConvulsive status epilepticus (CSE) (box 1) is the most common childhood medical neurological emergency, with an incidence of approximately 20 per 100 000 per year in the developed world.1 2 Box 1 ### Definition of status epilepticus Status epilepticus is a condition resulting either from failure of the mechanism responsible for seizure termination or from the initiation of mechanisms, which ...
Use of prostaglandins in duct-dependent congenital heart …
WEBCongenital heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of infant mortality, which is even higher in infants with undiagnosed duct-dependent CHDs. Up to 39%–50% of infants with critical CHD are being discharged undiagnosed from the hospital. Infants with duct-dependent critical CHD remain well during the fetal period and may deteriorate when the ductus arteriosus (commonly called ‘duct ...
How to interpret symptoms, signs and investigations of …
WEBUnfortunately, the symptoms and signs listed above and in table 1 were not specific for dehydration; that is, the presence of one or more of the symptoms could not be used to accurately confirm dehydration as present. The most specific symptoms and signs of dehydration were reported as prolonged capillary refill time of >2 s (positive predictive value (PPV) 0.57–0.65) and decreased skin ...
Paracetamol: pharmacology, prescribing and controversies
WEBParacetamol (internationally known as acetaminophen) is the most common medicine encountered in paediatric practice. It is used widely by parents and health professionals and it has analgesic and antipyretic effects. Its short-term safety and efficacy are well established and it is readily available for purchase over the counter. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood but it is known ...
Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days: NICE guideline 2016 …
WEBIn May 2016, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published updated guidelines entitled ‘Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days’ (box 1).1 The guideline covers diagnosis and treatment of neonates with jaundice, aiming ‘to help detect and prevent very high levels of bilirubin’. New recommendations focus on measuring and monitoring bilirubin levels and the type ...
WEBThere is a danger that with a positive screen other diagnoses may be missed, and it is important to remember that a urine toxicology screen is not a diagnostic test.2 3. negative test tells you that the substance was not present at the time of testing at the minimum threshold quantity for detection, but cannot rule out exposure to the substance ...
Fluid resuscitation in diabetic ketoacidosis and the BPSED …
WEBThe 2020 British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (BSPED) guideline differs from the previous iteration and the more conservative National Institute of Health and Care Excellence 2016 guideline for diabetic ketoacidosis in children and young people (2015). It recommends a more liberal approach to initial fluid resuscitation and a reduced enthusiasm for using inotropes. This ...
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